Monday, March 3, 2014

Vayikra - Leviticus 1:1-5 - Ask not what your God can do for you; ask what you can do for your God

Chapter 1

1And [God] called to Moses, and the Eternal spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting, saying,א. וַיִּקְרָא אֶל משֶׁה וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֵלָיו מֵאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד לֵאמֹר:
2Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them: When a man from [among] you brings a sacrifice to the Eternal, from animals - from cattle or from the flock - you shall bring your sacrifice.ב. דַּבֵּר אֶל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם אָדָם כִּי יַקְרִיב מִכֶּם קָרְבָּן לַיהֹוָה מִן הַבְּהֵמָה מִן הַבָּקָר וּמִן הַצֹּאן תַּקְרִיבוּ אֶת קָרְבַּנְכֶם:
3If his sacrifice is a burnt offering from cattle, he shall bring an unblemished male. He shall bring it willingly to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, before the Eternal.ג. אִם עֹלָה קָרְבָּנוֹ מִן הַבָּקָר זָכָר תָּמִים יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ אֶל פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד יַקְרִיב אֹתוֹ לִרְצֹנוֹ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה:
4And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to atone for him.ד. וְסָמַךְ יָדוֹ עַל רֹאשׁ הָעֹלָה וְנִרְצָה לוֹ לְכַפֵּר עָלָיו:
5And he shall slaughter the young bull before the Eternal. And Aaron's descendants, the kohanim, shall bring the blood, and dash the blood upon the altar, around [the altar] which is at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.ה. וְשָׁחַט אֶת בֶּן הַבָּקָר לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וְהִקְרִיבוּ בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֲנִים אֶת הַדָּם וְזָרְקוּ אֶת הַדָּם עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב אֲשֶׁר פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד:

Guide Questions

1. According to Rashi on verse 1 "and [God] called," what is the meaning of the Hebrew word וַיִּקְרָא? What is the difference between "calling" and "saying" or "commanding"?

2. According to Rashi on verse 1 "the Tent of Meeting," how did the voice of God sound to Moses? How do you imagine God sounds?


3. According to the Stone Chumash (p. 544), why is the word וַיִּקְרָא written with a small aleph? What lesson does this teach us?


4. According to Rashi on verse 2 and in the Stone Chumash on p. 545, why is the word אָדָם used here for "man," and what does it teach? What else do you think it could imply?

5. According to the Stone Chumash (p. 545), what is the root of the word קָרְבָּן and what does it teach according to Rabbi Hirsch? Why is the word "sacrifice" inadequate?

6. According to Etz Hayyim (p. 588), why is an animal "without blemish" necessary, but what about a blemished soul?

7. According to Rabbi Nachman (p. 301), who is supposed to study the book of Leviticus, and why? What are some of the things the small aleph in the first word symbolize for him? 

8. According to Plaut's Modern Commentary (p. 756), what is the first type of sacrifice that is discussed in Leviticus, and how is it translated? What is the Hebrew root of עֹלָה? What does it mean, and how does it relate? How else does this Hebrew root relate in Judaism?

47 comments:

  1. Why does it note that God spoke to Moshe from the Ohel Moed? Why doesn't it just say "And God spoke to Moshe and said:" Like it does in my Bar Mitzvah parsha?

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    1. Maybe because the Ohel Moed is a special place, so it should be noted that this is where God and Moshe are speaking.

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    2. Why do you think the Ohel Moed was special? Is there a special place in your life that when you are there you feel close to God (for whatever reason)? What is it?

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  2. Also, why does it note that the sacrifice must be an "Unblemished MALE cattle"? Why is the male innately superior (Or inferior) to the female? I understand that at the time sexism was the way of life, but nevertheless...

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    1. I also notice that the man atoning is supposed to slay the bull; not the Kohanim. I was under the impression that the Kohanim, or possibly even the Kohan Gadol, was supposed to sacrifice it.

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    2. Are you saying that Men are "superior" to women?! This being shown in animals and people.
      -Jules

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    3. No, im saying that AT THE TIME they thought so. Im QUESTIONING that practice for gods sake

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    4. I think it had to do with the value of the animal. One bull was more valuable for breeding purposes than one cow. I think this was simply a practical consideration of value.

      As for sacrificing it yourself, what are some of the things you need to do yourself in order for them to be meaningful, and what are some things others can do for you? For instance, is it more meaningful to read a book and picture the story yourself or to watch a movie and see how a director pictures it?

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    5. Well, for example, prayer. Standing there letting the congregation pray for me isnt meaninfull at all, but praying for myself might be,

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  3. this is by ben and ben

    the root of cora is to go near like going near god

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    1. that is fror 5

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    2. How do you think offering a sacrifice (korban) made them feel close (karov) to God?

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    3. i don't think it did because they had to give away food

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    4. Have you ever had to cook for someone else? Or one of your parents? How can that make someone feel close to people around them?

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    5. Im assuming you mean KORBAN right? er, we got told this in class.

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  4. Leora and Micah
    We are answering question number one, what is the meaning of the Hebrew word וַיִּקְרָא in verse 1 "and [God] called,"? What is the difference between "calling" and "saying" or "commanding"?
    According to Rashi, וַיִּקְרָא is an expression of affection. Saying something is dialogue, commanding is ordering, and calling is conversing with someone.

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    1. What are the different ways that your parent(s) call your name? What do they mean?

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    2. If they use a mad tone of voice, it means that they are mad at me.

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  5. I did guide question 7. This questions asks: who is supposed to study Vayikra? Acording to Rabbi Nachman children are to learn Vayikra becouse they are pure and they should learn to stay pure: "Let the pure come and engage themselves with the study of the pure"

    -Adin

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    1. Ok...so what makes you "pure."
      -Jules

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    2. Why just children. Don't adults have to stay pure too?

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    3. First of all: Did I ever say a was "pure"? Second: Chances are if your an adult your not "pure". Third: I'm no longer a child, I have reached the age of bar mitzvah.

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    4. The comment says that children are innocent and pure. Do you think this is true? The Rabbis think that children are basically wild animals that have to be civilized through education. Which do you think it is, and how does this relate to learning Leviticus, especially all the ethical laws of Leviticus 19 (love your neighbor as yourself, etc.)?

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    5. can adults learn about this parsha too or just kids
      Jared

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  6. Leora and Micah
    We are answering question number two, how did the voice of God sound to Moses in verse 1, "the Tent of Meeting,"? How do you imagine God sounds?
    According to Rashi, the voice sounded loud and powerful, but the tent of meeting was a boundary. Micah thinks that God would speak with a low, powerful voice. Leoras thinks that God would speak with a calm but at the same time powerful voice.

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    1. we agree with micah because the way we picture God talking is with a low and powerful voice.
      Danielle and Giselle

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    2. In the movie, "The Prince of Egypt," the director had the same actor who did the voice of Moses do the voice of God when God was talking to Moses, and the same actor who did the voice of Aaron do the voice of God when God was talking to Aaron, etc. What idea is behind this? What does it mean?

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    3. I think that this is possibly saying that accoriding to the Prince of Egypt, God's voice appears how you'd like it to. In many times, it's refreshing to hear your own voice

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    4. That we have a little of God inside our selves.

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  7. The question I chose to do is question two: According to Rashi on verse 1 "the Tent of Meeting," how did the voice of God sound to Moses? How do you imagine God sounds?
    Rashi says that Moshe describes the voice as a sound of strength and beauty. We agree with this because God is very powerful and a beauty. Also, we picture God having a very low and loud voice
    Danielle and Giselle

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    1. Why do you think gods voice will sound like that?
      Clara and Mia

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    2. When you picture the voice of God, is it masculine or feminine, or something in between? Why?

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    3. Gods should be voiced by Bill Cosby.

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  8. We are answering question 1, using Rashi. Rashi says that the word וַיִּקְרָא has more affection then saying just "called" or "commanded", and therefore shows God's love for Bnei Yisrael.
    Liora, Julia, Kol, Ruby and Noah

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  9. Maya & Zach
    Question 3: Why is the א smaller than the other letters?
    According to the Stone Chumash, the א is smaller than the other letters to give it prominence. and to imply another word. וַיִּקְרָא means to call and the small א implies the word אלף means to teach.

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  10. Our commentator is Rashi and we chose question According to Rashi on verse 1 "the Tent of Meeting," how did the voice of God sound to Moses? How do you imagine God sounds? Our answer is Moshe thinks G-d's voice is strength. We imagine g-d's voice is scary an powerful
    -Gavy, Yechiel, Yosef, Lili

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  11. We answered question 2: 2. According to Rashi on verse 1 "the Tent of Meeting," how did the voice of God sound to Moses? How do you imagine God sounds?
    Accorrding to Rashi the voice of God sounded very loud to Moses. Rashi explains that inside the tent of meeting the sound is very loud, but outside you can't hear it at all so it's almost like the tent of meeting is sound proof. To us God sounds like a fading spiritual, low voiced man.
    Jared and Itai

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  12. Leora and Micah
    We are answering question number 4; According to Rashi on verse 2 and in the Stone Chumash on p. 545, why is the word אָדָם used here for "man," and what does it teach? What else do you think it could imply?
    According to Rashi, אָדָם refers to the first man on earth. He didn't offer sacrifices from stolen property, so B'nei Yisrael knew that they too could not offer sacrifices from stolen property. Maybe using the word אָדָם could imply that the sacrifice could bring Bnei Yisrael closer to God, as close to God as אָדָם was.

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  13. We choose question number three. It asks why the word וַיִּקְרָא is written with a small aleph? What lesson does this teach us? The stone chumash says that theres a small aleph because as if to make it look like the word balaam. This lesson teaches us that if there is a work with two different meanings then you can make a way to spell it differently.
    Clara and Mia

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    1. Vayikra (with the aleph) means to call deliberately, and vayikar (without the aleph) means to bump into accidentally. One midrash says that Moses was so humble that the wrote the aleph smaller because he was embarrassed at having to write that God called and singled him out deliberately. What lesson does this teach us do you think?

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    2. It teaches us that we should do everything we can to be humble.

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  14. Answer for question number one.
    According to rashi vayikra is a expression of affection. This means that god likes Moshe. When using the other words it isn't as endearing.
    -Aaron and Aurora.

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  16. Shai and Josh Bermel

    We did question #1
    Rashi says that a call is a more meaningful or affectionate way of saying something.

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    1. When you picture the voice of God, with what emotion does it speak? Loud? Demanding? Soft? Comforting? Why?

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    2. depends on how I'm feeling at the time he is talking

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    3. I picture a voice with a hole new emotion more powerful then any human can talk in.

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