Saturday, February 1, 2014

Tetzaveh - Exodus 27:20-28:8 - The Mitzvah is a Lamp, and the Torah is a Light

Chapter 27

20. And you shall command the children of Israel, and they shall take to you pure olive oil, crushed for lighting, to kindle the lamps continually.כ. וְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה | אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְיִקְחוּ אֵלֶיךָ שֶׁמֶן זַיִת זָךְ כָּתִית לַמָּאוֹר לְהַעֲלֹת נֵר תָּמִיד:
21In the Tent of Meeting, outside the dividing curtain that is in front of the testimony, Aaron and his sons shall set it up before the Lord from evening to morning; [it shall be] an everlasting statute for their generations, from the children of Israel.כא. בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד מִחוּץ לַפָּרֹכֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל הָעֵדֻת יַעֲרֹךְ אֹתוֹ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו מֵעֶרֶב עַד בֹּקֶר לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתָם מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל:

Chapter 28

1And you bring near to yourself your brother Aaron, and his sons with him, from among the children of Israel to serve Me [as kohanim]: Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar, Aaron's sons.א. וְאַתָּה הַקְרֵב אֵלֶיךָ אֶת אַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ וְאֶת בָּנָיו אִתּוֹ מִתּוֹךְ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכַהֲנוֹ לִי אַהֲרֹן נָדָב וַאֲבִיהוּא אֶלְעָזָר וְאִיתָמָר בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן:
2You shall make holy garments for your brother Aaron, for honor and glory.ב. וְעָשִׂיתָ בִגְדֵי קֹדֶשׁ לְאַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ לְכָבוֹד וּלְתִפְאָרֶת:
3And you shall speak to all the wise-hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, and they shall make Aaron's garments to sanctify him, [so] that he serve Me [as a kohen].ג. וְאַתָּה תְּדַבֵּר אֶל כָּל חַכְמֵי לֵב אֲשֶׁר מִלֵּאתִיו רוּחַ חָכְמָה וְעָשׂוּ אֶת בִּגְדֵי אַהֲרֹן לְקַדְּשׁוֹ לְכַהֲנוֹ לִי:
4And these are the garments that they shall make: a choshen, an ephod, a robe, a tunic of checker work, a cap, and a sash. They shall make holy garments for your brother Aaron and for his sons to serve Me [as kohanim].ד. וְאֵלֶּה הַבְּגָדִים אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשׂוּ חשֶׁן וְאֵפוֹד וּמְעִיל וּכְתֹנֶת תַּשְׁבֵּץ מִצְנֶפֶת וְאַבְנֵט וְעָשׂוּ בִגְדֵי קֹדֶשׁ לְאַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ וּלְבָנָיו לְכַהֲנוֹ לִי:
5They shall take the gold, the blue, purple, and crimson wool, and the linen,ה. וְהֵם יִקְחוּ אֶת הַזָּהָב וְאֶת הַתְּכֵלֶת וְאֶת הָאַרְגָּמָן וְאֶת תּוֹלַעַת הַשָּׁנִי וְאֶת הַשֵּׁשׁ:
6and they shall make the ephod of gold, blue, purple, and crimson wool, and twisted fine linen, the work of a master weaver.ו. וְעָשׂוּ אֶת הָאֵפֹד זָהָב תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ מָשְׁזָר מַעֲשֵׂה חשֵׁב:
7It shall have two connected shoulder straps at both its ends, and it shall be entirely connected.ז. שְׁתֵּי כְתֵפֹת חֹבְרֹת יִהְיֶה לּוֹ אֶל שְׁנֵי קְצוֹתָיו וְחֻבָּר:
8And its decorative band, which is above it, shall be of the same work, [emanating] from it: gold, blue, purple, and crimson wool, and twisted fine linen.ח. וְחֵשֶׁב אֲפֻדָּתוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָלָיו כְּמַעֲשֵׂהוּ מִמֶּנּוּ יִהְיֶה זָהָב תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי וְשֵׁשׁ מָשְׁזָר: 

Guide Questions


1. According to Rashi on verse 27:20, what does the Hebrew word תָּמִיד mean? How is this reflected in synagogue sanctuaries today (see also Etz Hayyim p. 503 at the bottom)? What does this symbol mean to you?

2. According to the Stone Chumash (p.  465), how many pieces of clothing, or "vestments" did the High Priest or Kohen Gadol wear on a regular day, and how many did he wear on Yom Kippur? How many did a regular Cohen wear on a regular day? What might this teach about Yom Kippur? Why?

3. This Torah portion is one of the few in Exodus-Deuteronomy that do not mention Moses' name. According to the Etz Hayyim chumash (p. 503), why is this? What other major Jewish book traditionally does not mention Moses' name, and why?

4. According to the Etz Hayyim chumash (p.503), why must the Israelites use "clear oil of beaten olives," and what does this symbolize for us today?

5. According to Rebbe Nachman's Torah (Exodus, p. 223), on his comment on "You must command the Israelites," what does the Hebrew word תְּצַוֶּה imply? What might this imply for doing a "mitzvah" (which shares the same root)?


6. According to the Stone Chumash (p. 465), what do the words לְכָבוֹד וּלְתִפְאָרֶת 
mean to Ramban, Sforno, and Malbim (verse 2)? Where do these words appear in the siddur?

7. According to a midrash in Plaut's Modern Commentary, (p. 624, two sections - under "Light for God and Man" and "the Neir Tamid"), what is the purpose of kindling the menorah? How does this relate to Proverbs 6:23, "For the mitzvah is a light"?



18 comments:

  1. Our question is question number 6 According to the Stone Chumash (p. 465), what do the words לְכָבוֹד וּלְתִפְאָרֶת mean to Ramban, Sforno, and Malbim (verse 2)? Where do these words appear in the siddur? Our answer to the question is
    Rambam:"The vestments were to honor the Kohanim, for these garments were similar to the gard of royalty
    Sforno:The vestments were for the glorys of God and to lend splendor to the Kohen Gadol as the teacher of the nation
    Malbim:The vestments signified both:the glory that was due to the Kohanim as a result of their appointment as ministers of the tabernackle service, and the spiritual splendor that would result from their own efforts\
    Gavy and Lili

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  2. I am answering question 3 using Etz Hayim. Etz Hayim says that there are a few possible reasons for Moses to not be mentioned in this parashah. The first one is that, since this parashah describes Aaron and the kohanim, some commentators explain this to be Moses stepping aside to give Aaron the spotlight. The second idea about this is that the traditional date of Moses' death always falls during the same week when this parashah is read, therefore he is not mentioned. Moses is also absent from the Haggadah. Etz Hayim says that Moses is absent from the Haggadah as part of an effort to make sure people didn't start worshiping Moses.

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  3. Mia and I studied question number 4, According to the Etz Hayyim chumash (p.503), why must the Israelites use "clear oil of beaten olives," and what does this symbolize for us today? The Etz Hayim Chumash says that the olive tree is a sign of peace because it can only grow when the agriculture around it is undisturbed. This symbolizes that today we should be mindful and be like the olive tree; We should be peaceful. In addtion, the commnetary says that when using the olive oil, it cannot be contaminated with selfishness, jealousy, pride, and greed. The olive oil serves as a reminder to be without these traits.

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    Replies
    1. I think that's really interesting, because the Israelites are not always peaceful. Even God sometimes commands them to do something non-peaceful.

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    2. Leora, are you saying God is not peaceful

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  4. Clara and Maya
    We chose question 6 and found that the words mean "the glory and the splendor". Ramban said that "the vestments were to honor the kohanim". Sforno said that "the vestments were for the glory of God and to lend splender to the Kohen Gadol". Malbim says that "glory accrues to a person with god given abilities". @jeff green

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  5. Josh Bernal and Kol Davis,
    We did question 4.
    Etz Hayyim chumash (p.503) It says they were used to symbolize god's presence,

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  6. Ari and I did question 7. which asks According to a midrash in Plaut's Modern Commentary, (p. 624, two sections - under "Light for God and Man" and "the Neir Tamid"), what is the purpose of kindling the menorah? How does this relate to Proverbs 6:23, "For the mitzvah is a light"? We found that when somebody learns Torah they spark a light inside themselves.
    And then where ever they go they shine this light on everybody else. Just like how you can light one candle from the shamis without it diminishing. When you teach Torah it does not make your understanding less but it just helps others glow and can even make yours stronger.

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  7. Our question is question no. 7. Our commentator is Professor Dr. Mr. Sir. Knight. Lord Rashi. The question asks for the purpose of kindling the menorah. Rashi says the purpose of kindling the menorah is "just as a light is not diminished when a flame is kindled from it, so he who does a mitzvah is not thereby diminished in his possessions." (Midrash 19). In other words, the passing of fire to other areas doesn't diminish the flame that gives is the same as giving charity and not losing all belongings from the deed. The analogy makes sense. We agree but we don't agree that giving belongings doesn't deficit their belongings. By Ben, Itai, Teddy, and David

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  8. 2. According to the Stone Chumash (p. 465), how many pieces of clothing, or "vestments" did the High Priest or Kohen Gadol wear on a regular day, and how many did he wear on Yom Kippur? How many did a regular Cohen wear on a regular day? What might this teach about Yom Kippur? Why?

    The Kohen Gadol wore 8 vestments on regular days. They only wore 4 vestments on some parts of the Yom Kippur service.

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    Replies
    1. It must have been because they have less of a selection to choose from

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  9. We did question #3 This question states that Moshes name is not actually named in this pasha. The given reason for this that the torah is out of order and the story of the gold calf is actually before this story. In the story of the gold calf G!d says to Moshe: I am going to wipe out the Jewish people. Moshes great come back is: If you do this, don't put my name in your book. G!d did this, but didn't wipe out the people. Another reallyu wacky thing is that moshe is not mentioned in the hagada. Another weird thing is that G!d Is not mentioned in the Migilat Ester. Witch reminds us Purim is coming!! YAY :)

    -Adin Josh bass Jared and nadav

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    1. But G-d did wipe out the people--over the course of 40 years.

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  10. From: Shai, and Ben K

    We did question 5 [According to Rebbe Nachman's Torah (Exodus, p. 223), on his comment on "You must command the Israelites," what does the Hebrew word תְּצַוֶּה imply? What might this imply for doing a "mitzvah" (which shares the same root)?]

    It says that by joining together we can cause the menorah to shine the the glory of G-d to shine brighter.

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  11. according to Etz Hayyim for question number 4 the oil has to be ''clear" and the oil tree needs to be peaceful.

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    Replies
    1. Jules & Liora
      What does it mean for a tree to be "peaceful?"

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  12. Micah Kanter
    Commentator: Rashi
    Questions:According to Rashi on verse 27:20, what does the Hebrew word תָּמִיד mean? How is this reflected in synagogue sanctuaries today (see also Etz Hayyim p. 503 at the bottom)? What does this symbol mean to you?
    Answer: It means continually. Halft the sacrifice was given up to god in the morning and the other half at night. Sanctuaries do this today by having the rabbi always there for the people just like the Kohens were for the israelites. To me this means that people who are very religous will always be there to help you

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  13. In question 5 the stone chomash says Hashem Hashem G-d compassionate Gracious slow to anger abundant in kindness truth persevere of kindness for thousands of generations iniquity willful sin error and who cleanses and in the Plote commentary it says G-D compassionate Gracchus slow to anger slow to anger abounding in kindness truth extending kindness to a thousand generations forgiving inquiry and transgression and sin yet he does not emit all punishment. We think that a very G-D like quality is forgiveness because if you can forgive you can forget and move on with your life and have more happy moments and you will forget the bad moments

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